1 Department of Disease Control, University of Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O Box 32379 Lusaka.
2 Zambia Compulsory Standards Agency, P.O Box 31302, Sefalena House, Lusaka, Zambia.
3 Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, P.O box 360366 Kafue, Zambia.
4 Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, P.O, Box 410110, Northern Province, Kasama.
5 Department of Nursing Sciences, Mulungushi University, School of Nursing and Midwifery and Health Sciences, P.O Box 80415, Town Campus, Kabwe, Zambia.
6 Department of Applied Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O Box 32379, Lusaka.
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2025, 21(02), 169-175
Article DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2025.21.2.0145
Received on 26 December 2024; revised on 04 February 2025; accepted on 07 February 2025
Introduction: Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) is a significant zoonotic disease that affects the human population and livestock globally. In Zambia, bTB poses substantial economic and social challenges to livestock farmers.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of Bovine Tuberculosis on the social-economic status of livestock farmers.
Methodology: The study was qualitative and quantitative in nature and concurrent triangulation design guided the study. The study had 280 participants who were selected through heterogeneous purposive sampling. The production of data was through semi-structured interviews, structured questionnaires, and document analysis. Quantitative data analysis was performed in R software, while qualitative data was analyzed using Nvivo® and content analysis.
Findings: The results revealed that there was a significantly high impact of bTB on monthly income (p< 0.001, OR = 0.99, CI = 0.997-0.998). For every 0.99 odds of a decrease in monthly income, the impact from bTB increased, an indication of a reduction of monthly income resulting from the high impact of bTB. Our results also indicated that for every one-unit increase in monthly income, the log of the odds associated with low milk production decreased by 3.38. Therefore, the more income generated from milk sales the lesser milk production incurred. The results revealed that there was a significantly high impact of bTB on monthly income (p< 0.001, OR = 0.99, CI = 0.997-0.998). For every 0.99 odds of a decrease in monthly income, the impact from bTB increased, an indication of a reduction of monthly income resulting from the high impact of bTB. Further, participants were faced with carcass contamination at abattoirs. They suggested that the government working together with other stakeholders should initiate an insurance scheme to cover livestock. However, the contributions should be minimal. Finally, participants reported having experienced social-economic discriminatory statutes, as they were not rendered eligible to be part of cooperatives where they would borrow money for empowerment (surety) due to losing of source of income (animal) at an abattoir.
Bovine Tuberculosis; Cattle Farmer; Human Population; Social-Economy; Zoonotic Disease
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Anthony Phiri, Mulenga Malata, James Sakala Siamate, Sydney Kalenga, Isabel Namfukwe Luambia and Sydney Malama. Impact of bovine tuberculosis on socio-economic status of livestock farmers in selected parts of Zambia. World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2025, 21(02), 169-175. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2025.21.2.0145.
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0